Knee arthrosis is a common disease of the musculoskeletal system.According to statistics, every sixth person in the elderly is diagnosed with joint deformity.Disruption of cartilage integrity is the cause of changes in bone mutual position.Compliance with preventive measures will prevent the development of post-traumatic syndrome and restore the functioning of the musculoskeletal system.
What is the essence of the disease
Knee arthrosis is destruction, dystrophic damage to the connective tissue of the cartilage cells of the femur.They are more likely to receive women, especially the prevailing 40-year border.The disease can be one, arthrosis of the right knee joint or left or bilateral, affecting one or both legs at a time.
Without proper treatment, the disease progresses, affects the muscles, fibrous compounds (ligaments), bones.Because of it, you can completely lose the opportunity to move: with the final destruction of cartilage, the bone will be exposed.
The concepts of gonarthrosis, osteoarthritis, deformation of arthrosis are identical, characterized by identical morphological, biological characteristics.Such a disease is characteristic of the elderly people, but cases become more common when the symptoms of abnormalities are diagnosed in children.
The reasons for the occurrence of the problem
The risk of arthrosis increases with age.The main causes of knee joint modification are a violation of metabolism in solid connective tissue and daily excessive loads.
The following factors affect the development of the disease:
- Biological aging processes.After 40, structural and functional changes occur, cell dystrophy.Cartilage matter loses its ability to regenerate.
- Problems with excess weight.The deposition of adipose tissue in the organs creates an additional load of the whole body and the skeletal muscle system.People with high body weight often suffer from knee arthrosis.
- Disruption of blood circulation in the limbs.This leads to a delay in metabolism, the artificial depletion of cells.
- A passive lifestyle.Physical activity should be accessible but regular.
- Diabetes.The pathology of the endocrine system is associated with insufficient insulin production, which is involved in metabolism.In the fight against energy exhaustion, the body becomes vulnerable, the vessels become clogged and a decrease in cartilage elasticity occurs.
- Pregnancy.It may have a change in the hormonal background, an additional weight that can create problems with the knee joints.
- Dysplasia.The pathology contributes to the premature deletion of cartilage, which threatens joint deformity.
- Injuries, especially in children: dislocations, stretching, bruising.
The risk group is guided by women with excess weight.
The degree of development of knee arthrosis joint
The process of destruction begins with the cartilage and affects the entire joint of the knee.There are three stages of pathology depending on the degree of defeat:
- First.It is characterized by mild symptoms.One complains of minor episodic knee pain, decreased activity after prolonged inaction (sleep).
- The second.The pain causes all kinds of action.It is enough to rest and the pain syndrome passes, but the resumption of physical activity leads to discomfort.The main signs of pathology at this stage: knee crunch, accumulation of synovial fluid.The narrowing of the gap between the bones of the gap joint can only be seen in the radiographic picture.The photo is clearly visible pathological changes.
- The third.Global changes in cartilage tissue occur.One cannot bend the legs in the knee, regular severe pain causes discomfort throughout the day or night, the bone contour is folded.
The onset of the first mild symptoms requires examination and consultation of the rheumatologist.
Most often, the patient seeks medical help at the last stage where you cannot do without surgery.
Important!It is possible to diagnose deviations with X -Ray only.
Types of pathology
By the nature of the onset of deformation, there are two forms of pathology:
- Primary - a hereditary defect in the left or right knee joints: develops in children of adolescence due to improper formation of the ligamentary apparatus.
- Secondary - post -traumatic knee joint arthrosis provoked by bruises, stretch marks, bone injuries.
The disease can affect the joints of one or both legs at the same time.
Methods for treating knee arthrosis joint
Treatment of knee arthrosis in children or adults occurs in two stages: the first is pain relief, the second is the effect on the factors of the disease.The forms and severity of gonarthrosis play a major role in choosing a treatment method.
The types of exposure type therapy are as follows:
- medicines;
- manual physiotherapy;
- surgery;
- Folk methodology.
An early recovery of the patient with an integrated approach is possible.
Medicinal Therapy of Knee Arthrosis joint
Traditional treatment requires knee arthrosis in the last two stages.To reduce the pain threshold, restore the integrity and elasticity of connective tissue will help the following medicines:
- A group of non -steroidal drugs.With severe pain, the medicine is administered intramuscularly, you can take it orally or use gels and ointments.
- Chondroprotectors.They contribute to the normalization of the processes of metabolism, prevent more and more knee deformity and restore cartilage.
- Corticosteroid hormones.Rapid relief of swelling, redness, but cause side effects, therefore, in rare cases, they are prescribed in rare courses.
Complex therapy allows you to achieve remission of the disease, reduces the risk of manifestation of secondary arthrosis of the femur.
Physiotherapy of knee arthrosis joint
The technique of treating hands, auxiliary devices and mechanisms has a blocking effect on the destruction of the cartilage joints of the knee in children and adults and leads to the restoration of the musculoskeletal system.
The methodology for eliminating anatomical pathology includes the following types of manipulations:
- Massage.Such mechanical effects helps to improve the leakage of lymph, normalize metabolism, blood circulation.
- Therapeutic physical education is an effective method for restoring children and motor skills for adults of the femur joint.The classes are aimed at developing mobility, strengthening the ligamentary apparatus.You can perform gymnastics at home when the attacks are stopped.
- Reflexology.Impact on the central nervous system through receptors.Acupuncture increases muscle tone, saturates tissues with oxygen, activates immunogenic reactivity.
One of the most effective methods is physiotherapy or recovery based on natural factors: electrophoresis, mud, ultrasound therapy, ozokeritopia will help to locate the focus of inflammation.
Electrophoresis
It helps a high concentration of drugs in the affected area, the liver and the gastrointestinal tract do not receive negative effects.A specially created electric field carefully delivers medicines directly to the affected area.
Mud
Minerals, which are so rich in dirt when they have penetrated damaged tissues, have more destruction of cartilage and later restore them.With dirt, blood flow increases, muscles relax, metabolic processes are stimulated.
Ultrasound
Ultrasound relieves muscle cramps and relieves pain by activating metabolism, changes in acid balance and improving tissue breathing.
Ozokeritopia
Ozokerite is unique in composition due to a huge number of trace elements contained in it.Among the positive properties of this substance are the ability to restore soft tissues.It almost instantly deals with unpleasant and painful sensations.
Tip!Gymnastics chosen by the attending physician should be performed with a low amplitude of movement.
Swimming classes contribute to rapid rehabilitation.During the procedure, the muscle muscles increase.
Surgical treatment of knee arthrosis joint
The distribution of the femur in children and adults at the last stage leads to complete deformity of solid connective tissue, bones.The doctor is forced to resort to surgery: endoprothetics or arthrodesis.
In the first case, the affected becomes partially or completely replaced with a polymer or metal prosthesis, in the second complete immobilization of the joint to eliminate the pain syndrome.
Shade!There are no age restrictions on operational manipulations, but, as practice shows, they are mainly resorted to up to 50 years.
Depending on the physiological characteristics of a person, the recovery period will take about 3 months.
Folk methods for treating knee arthrosis joint
Non -traditional therapy has a common strengthening effect on the whole body.Independent treatment is permitted in the first stage of femur joint pathology in children and adults.
Dandelion
The plant is used as a component for infusions, compresses, hoods.His flowers are rich:
- calcium;
- potassium;
- phosphorus;
- Iron.
This contributes to the rapid resuscitation and strengthening of the bone structure.
To prepare the infusion, you will need a container that is half filled with inflorescences, and a triple cologne is added to the rest of the space.Insist the composition for a month in a place protected from sunlight, then rubs the finished fluid with massage movements in the sore knee dermis.
Bred
Burdoca leaves are a powerful antiseptic, accelerate the healing process of wounds, blood circulation.The back of the leaf is applied to the damaged joint, tightly fixed with a warm platform bandage or scarf.The procedure is performed overnight for one week.
Sealandine
Salandine has an anti -inflammatory and analgesic effect.For 7 days in a row, a compress of the grass is applied to the joint femur.After 60 minutes, the joint is treated with vegetable oil.The course of treatment is 2 times a month with a break of 8 days.
Golden mustaches
The tincture on the leaves of gold mustache normalizes metabolic processes, relieves pain.15-20 leaves of the plant are poured with two glasses of boiling water, infused into a warm place.The daily dose is 75 ml for three doses after meals.
An incorrect approach can have a negative effect.Before using medicinal plants, it is necessary to get acquainted with the contraindications, it is even better to consult a doctor.
Prevention of knee arthrosis joint
Knee arthrosis, like any disease, is easier to predict than fighting the consequences.
Preventive measures:
- Daily diet.Proper nutrition is 50% success.Fat foods with lots of cholesterol should be avoided.Only a varied and useful menu is permissible: varieties with low fat from meat, fish, vegetables, fruits, cereals, dairy products, nuts, juice.
- It is necessary to limit the consumption of flour, sweet, caffeine, tobacco and alcohol.
- With a sedentary lifestyle (stuck work) every 2 hours perform warmly.
- You need to be in the fresh air more often, walking, swimming, sports.
- Wearing orthopedic shoes with an elastic outsole - this reduces the risk of osteoarthritis.
The most important thing is to undergo preventive exams with specialists twice a year.
For reference!Consultations, closely tested specialists can properly choose the treatment: orthopedist, rheumatologist, arthrologist.
The forecast of treatment of knee arthrosis joint
The pathology provokes biochemical, mechanical changes in the joints of the articular cartilage, a decrease in its thickness, the formation of osteophytes (grows on the surface of the bone tissue) and subchondral cysts (cavities in the organs).
The dystrophic damage to the cartilage of the femur joint does not carry danger to life, but causes great discomfort.The sick person has low motor activity, suffers from severe pain.
Deformation of arthrosis, including post -traumatic knee joint arthrosis, is progressive.It is difficult to predict the development of pathology - it all depends on the physiological characteristics of the body and lifestyle:
- age;
- shapes and degrees of deformation;
- concomitant diseases;
- implementation of the doctor's instructions;
- areas of activity.
Knee arthrosis is treated, the main thing is to detect such a change in the joint of the femur in children or adults and to properly plan therapy.
It is important to confirm the diagnosis of deformation of arthrosis at 1 and 2 stages of development when you can maintain your joint by restoring efficiency.The doctor may conclude and determine the degree of joint damage based on ultrasound, MRI, arthroscopy and radioscopy.
You may need a few pictures to predict the dynamics of the development of femur pathology.
When diagnosing arthrosis deformation, a set of measures aimed at restoring the activity of the musculoskeletal system, since the disease itself cannot be cured even in children.